Which Type Of Bleeding Produces The Fastest Blood Loss And Is The Most Difficult To Control?

Types of Blood Disorders

Medically Reviewed by Jennifer Robinson, Md on March 17, 2021

Blood disorders tin can affect whatever of the three main components of blood:

Blood-red blood cells, which carry oxygen to the body'southward tissues
White claret cells, which fight infections
Platelets, which help claret to clot

Blood disorders tin can too affect the liquid portion of blood, chosen plasma.

Treatments and prognosis for blood diseases vary, depending on the blood status and its severity.

Blood Disorders Affecting Cerise Blood Cells

Blood disorders that affect ruby blood cells include:

Anemia: People with anemia take a depression number of red blood cells. Balmy anemia often causes no symptoms. More than severe anemia can cause fatigue, pale skin, and shortness of breath with exertion.

Iron-deficiency anemia: Iron is necessary for the body to brand cherry blood cells. Low iron intake and loss of blood due to menstruation are the most common causes of iron-deficiency anemia. Information technology may also exist acquired by blood loss from the GI tract because of ulcers or cancer. Treatment includes fe pills, or rarely, blood transfusion.

Anemia of chronic affliction: People with chronic kidney disease or other chronic diseases tend to develop anemia. Anemia of chronic disease does not usually crave treatment. Injections of a synthetic hormone, epoetin alfa (Epogen or Procrit), to stimulate the production of blood cells or claret transfusions may be necessary in some people with this course of anemia.

Pernicious anemia (B12 deficiency): A condition that prevents the trunk from absorbing enough B12 in the diet. This can be caused by a weakened stomach lining or an autoimmune condition. As well anemia, nerve impairment (neuropathy) can eventually result. High doses of B12 forbid long-term problems.

Aplastic anemia: In people with aplastic anemia, the bone marrow does not produce enough claret cells, including carmine blood cells. This can be caused by a host of weather condition, including hepatitis, Epstein-Barr, or HIV -- to the side upshot of a drug, to chemotherapy medications, to pregnancy. Medications, blood transfusions, and even a bone marrow transplant may be required to treat aplastic anemia.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia: In people with this condition, an overactive immune system destroys the body's own red claret cells, causing anemia. Medicines that suppress the immune system, such as prednisone, may exist required to stop the procedure.

Thalassemia: This is a genetic grade of anemia that mostly affects people of Mediterranean heritage. Well-nigh people have no symptoms and require no treatment. Others may demand regular blood transfusions to salve anemia symptoms.

Sickle prison cell anemia: A genetic condition that affects mostly people whose families have come from Africa, South or Central America, the Caribbean islands, India, Saudi Arabia, and Mediterranean countries that include Turkey, Greece, and Italy. In sickle cell anemia, the red blood cells are sticky and stiff. They tin block blood flow. Severe pain and organ damage can occur.

Polycythemia vera: The torso produces too many blood cells, from an unknown crusade. The backlog red blood cells unremarkably create no bug but may cause claret clots in some people.

Malaria: A mosquito'south bite transmits a parasite into a person'southward claret, where it infects reddish claret cells. Periodically, the reddish blood cells rupture, causing fever, chills, and organ damage. This blood infection is most mutual in parts of Africa but can besides exist found in other tropical and subtropical areas around the world; those traveling to affected areas should accept preventive measures.

Blood Disorders Affecting White Claret Cells

Blood disorders that affect white blood cells include:

Lymphoma: A form of claret cancer that develops in the lymph system. In lymphoma, a white blood cell becomes malignant, multiplying and spreading abnormally. Hodgkin'south lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are the two major groups of lymphoma. Handling with chemotherapy and/or radiations can often extend life with lymphoma, and sometimes cure it.

Leukemia: A class of claret cancer in which a white blood prison cell becomes malignant and multiplies inside os marrow. Leukemia may exist astute (rapid and severe) or chronic (slowly progressing). Chemotherapy and/or stem cell transplantation (bone marrow transplant) can be used to treat leukemia, and may result in a cure.

Multiple myeloma: A blood cancer in which a white blood prison cell called a plasma cell becomes malignant. The plasma cells multiply and release damaging substances that eventually cause organ damage. Multiple myeloma has no cure, but stem cell transplant and/or chemotherapy can allow many people to live for years with the condition.

Myelodysplastic syndrome: A family of blood cancers that affect the bone marrow. Myelodysplastic syndrome ofttimes progresses very slowly, simply may of a sudden transform into a astringent leukemia. Treatments may include blood transfusions, chemotherapy and stalk cell transplant.

Claret Disorders Affecting Platelets

Blood disorders that affect the platelets include:

Thrombocytopenia : A low number of platelets in the blood; numerous weather cause thrombocytopenia, but most do non consequence in abnormal bleeding.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: A condition causing a persistently low number of platelets in the blood, due to an unknown cause; normally, there are no symptoms, still abnormal bruising, small red spots on the skin (petechiae), or aberrant bleeding can result.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: A low platelet count acquired by a reaction against heparin, a blood thinner given to many hospitalized people to prevent blood clots

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A rare blood disorder causing small blood clots to form in blood vessels throughout the body; platelets are used up in the procedure, causing a low platelet count.

Essential thrombocytosis (main thrombocythemia): The body produces too many platelets, due to an unknown cause; the platelets do not work properly, resulting in excessive clotting, bleeding, or both.

Blood Disorders Affecting Blood Plasma

Claret disorders that bear upon blood plasma include:

Hemophilia: A genetic deficiency of sure proteins that help claret to jell; there are multiple forms of hemophilia, ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening.

von Willebrand illness: von Willebrand cistron is a protein in blood that helps blood to clot. In von Willebrand disease, the body either produces likewise little of the poly peptide, or produces a poly peptide that doesn't piece of work well. The status is inherited, merely near people with von Willebrand disease accept no symptoms and don't know they have information technology. Some people with von Willebrand affliction will have excessive bleeding subsequently an injury or during surgery.

Hypercoaguable state (hypercoagulable state): A tendency for the blood to clot besides hands; most affected people have only a mild excess trend to clot, and may never be diagnosed. Some people develop repeated episodes of blood clotting throughout life, requiring them to take a daily blood thinning medicine.

Deep venous thrombosis: A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the leg; a deep venous thrombosis tin dislodge and travel through the center to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): A status that causes tiny claret clots and areas of bleeding throughout the torso simultaneously; astringent infections, surgery, or complications of pregnancy are conditions that can atomic number 82 to DIC.